Closing the loop in neuromodulation therapy
Beyond one-size-fits-all: designing the next generation of personalised neuromodulation
Closed-loop neuromodulation is one of the most exciting frontiers in therapy. By sensing and responding in real time, these systems promise more personalised, effective, and safer treatments with fewer side effects and extended device longevity.
Beyond delivering therapy, their sensing capability also offers valuable data for ongoing condition monitoring, empowering patients, carers, and clinicians alike. TTP’s Neurotechnology team explores the opportunities and challenges of closed loop initiatives.
Biomarkers: the foundation of closed-loop therapy
An effective closed-loop neuromodulation system starts with the quality of its biomarker. The right biomarker doesn’t just monitor a condition, it enables smarter therapy, tighter control, and more predictable clinical outcomes. But discovering a biomarker that is truly specific, sensitive, and stable is a long, uncertain process with high stakes for clinical differentiation and IP.
And even once you’ve identified it, integrating that biomarker into a real therapy workflow brings new engineering, clinical, and patient-experience challenges. So what does “good” looks like? And why is choosing the right biomarker central to delivering the next generation of neuromodulation devices?
Discover more by reading the latest insight: What makes a biomarker clinically relevant in closed-loop neuromodulation?
Read the e-book
Biomarkers are just one part of the story. Our full e-book unpacks the complete landscape of closed-loop neuromodulation - from sensing and hardware through to algorithms and system integration. Get a free copy of the e-book "Closing the loop in neuromodulation."
Hardware and power management: building the platform
Transitioning to closed-loop impacts every layer of hardware design, from electrodes that must sense and stimulate reliably, to electronics that can tolerate large stimulation artefacts. Power consumption is a key constraint: systems must balance continuous sensing, data transmission, and processing with limited battery life.
Through innovations in electrode design, ultra-low-power ASICs, and intelligent data compression, next-generation devices are making it possible to deliver advanced closed-loop functionality without sacrificing longevity or patient comfort.
Algorithms: turning data into therapy
A biomarker is only valuable if it can drive the right therapeutic response. In closed-loop systems, that depends not just on the algorithm itself, but where it runs. Processing on the implant offers the fastest response but demands ultra-efficient computation. Offloading to a wearable enables more complex models but introduces latency and reliance on data transfer.
Cloud processing unlocks scale and continuous updates, but depends on secure, reliable connectivity. Choosing the right balance early is essential for delivering adaptive therapy that works in the real world.
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A systems approach: integration is key
Success in closed-loop neuromodulation requires a systems-level approach, integrating biomarkers, hardware, firmware, algorithms, data communications and power management into a seamless whole. This complexity is where the opportunity lies: with the right expertise, these technologies can set a new standard of care.
At TTP, we combine multidisciplinary engineering, deep bio-signal expertise, and end-to-end system design to help clients de-risk development, accelerate timelines, and deliver next-generation therapies.
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Our approach and capabilities
We deliver across the entire life of a project, from opportunity discovery to production engineering. Discover how our interdisciplinary teams of experts collaborate to tackle the toughest product development challenges.
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Our award-winning campus has been designed with a clear vision. To create space which can suport our people and our clients as we develop and deliver the very best technology solution.
Software capability at TTP
Engaged in all stages of software and product development, our software capability at TTP covers the full spectrum—from in-depth analysis and system architecture to prototype design, implementation, and test development.
Manufacturing capability at TTP
Working seamlessly with our development teams, we take clients' products through prototype builds, clinical trials, pilot manufacture and more. Using TTP Manufacturing reduces uncertainty, risk and time to market for our clients.
Meet some of the team
Ilya Tarotin
Chris Beach
Alon Greenenko
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